Developing catchment pollutant load targets for the protection of the Great Barrier Reef

Abstract

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Internationally, coral reef systems are under threat from human activity. The International Coral Reef Initiative (Wilkinson, 1999) reported that the condition of over 50% of the world's coral reefs is declining. While the magnitude of threats varies between countries, there are common concerns: over-fishing, uncontrolled development, pollution and global climate change (Wilkinson, 1999). The Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area (GBRWHA) contains the largest system of coral reefs in the world. This diverse area is more than just coral reefs, it also includes extensive seagrass beds, mangrove forests, sandbanks, sponge and soft coral gardens, and soft bottom habitat and island communities. Of the 2,900 individual reefs, 989 are fringing and/or inshore reefs.