Oseltamivir and its role in influenza prevention and treatment

Abstract

Influenza is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Mortality is particularly high in young infants and older adults. A part from immunisation, which has some limitations, especially in certain groups like the immunocompromised, antiviral agents such as oseltamivir are being increasingly used in treatment and prophylaxis for influenza. Oseltamivir appears to be well tolerated and has become the mainstay of treatment of influenza infections in all age groups. Oseltamivir has been approved in Australia and other jurisdictions for the treatment of infections due to influenza A and B viruses in adults and children aged one year and older. A number of special approvals have seen oseltamivir fast-tracked into service to combat diseases, such as avian influenza, as well as pandemic (H1N1) 2009, especially in younger children (including children aged 6-12 months). A recent Cochrane systematic review has raised uncertainties concerning its usefulness in preventing complications requiring antibiotics in influenza in adults.