Hydrological model of Lake Chad
Bader, Jean-Claude, Lemoalle, Jacques, and LeBlanc, Marc (2011) Hydrological model of Lake Chad. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 56 (3). pp. 411-425.
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DOI: 10.1080/02626667.2011.560853
View at Publisher Website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2011....
Abstract
A simple and robust water balance model is developed for Lake Chad that simulates water levels and inundated areas according to the inflow (river discharge, precipitation) and outflow to the lake (evaporation, infiltration). In the model, Lake Chad is represented by three reservoirs (the southern basin connected to the north basin and the archipelago), whose water levels can be different during periods of low inputs (current situation) or similar during periods of surplus (pre-1973 situation). In accordance with field observations, the north basin is represented by a soil reservoir that must be filled before water can appear on the surface. The model uses seven optimized parameters: infiltration rate; depth of the soil reservoir; four exchange parameters between reservoirs; and the bottom level of the archipelago. It is calibrated on the period 1970–1996 and validated on the period 1956–2008, using data measured in situ or by satellite (river discharge, precipitation, evaporation, water levels and inundated areas).
| ID Code: | 21268 |
|---|---|
| Item Type: | Article (Refereed Research - C1) |
| Additional Information: | Title in original language: Modèle hydrologique du Lac Chad Abstract in original language: Le Lac Tchad est modélisé par un bilan de volume donnant ses niveaux et superficies de plans d'eau en fonction d'apports et pertes: débit des tributaires; pluie; évaporation; infiltration. Il est représenté par trois réservoirs (cuvette nord et archipel connectés à la cuvette sud) dont les niveaux de plan d'eau, distincts en période d'apports déficitaires (situation actuelle), sont confondus en période excédentaire (situation avant 1973). Suite aux observations de terrain, la cuvette nord est représentée avec un "réservoir sol" devant être rempli pour que l'eau puisse apparaître en surface. Le modèle utilise sept paramètres optimisés: intensité d'infiltration; profondeur du "réservoir sol"; quatre paramètres d'échange entre réservoirs; niveau de fond de l'archipel. Grâce aux données mesurées au sol ou par satellite (débits, précipitations, évaporation, niveaux et superficie de plans d'eau) il est calé sur la période 1970–1996 et validé sur la période 1956–2008. |
| Keywords: | Lake Chad; modelling; water balance; soil reservoir; satellite imagery; satellite altimetry; hydrometry |
| FoR Codes: | 04 EARTH SCIENCES > 0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience > 040608 Surfacewater Hydrology @ 100% |
| SEO Codes: | 96 ENVIRONMENT > 9609 Land and Water Management > 960999 Land and Water Management of Environments not elsewhere classified @ 100% |
| Deposited On: | 29 Mar 2012 11:09 |
| Last Modified: | 17 May 2013 01:47 |
| Downloads: | Total: 4 Last 12 Months: 0 |
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| Citation Counts with External Providers: | Web of Science: 3 |
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