Qualitative Research: the whole picture

Abstract

Qualitative research is used to examine subjective human experiences by using non-statistical methods of analysis. It can be classified by theoretical perspective (that is, constructivist, interpretive, critical) or by research design. Research design classifications indclude phenomenology, ethnography, grounded theory, historical method and case study. Qualitative research processes vary across research methodologies. The research aim provides a broad boundary that guides the conduct of the study. Data collection occurs predominantly through observation and in-depth interview, though other methods are also used. Analysis takes place using various methodologies to manage, interpret and synthesise data. With some qualitative approaches, analysis even dictates the direction and course of further data collection. Qualitative researchers search for patterns of meaning in the collected narrative, observational or other data. Findings are presented in a descriptive narrative format with excerpts of data used to illustrate key patterns and themes.